Drying apparatus



Apz il 13 1926.

1,580,164 G. J. PEZQLD Y DRYING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 28, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 V struction,

} transverse headslii 14: which Patented Apr. 13, 19 26.

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Be it known that I, Gnome JLPEZo D, a citizen of the'Unite-d States,residing at? Buffalo, in the county of: Erie'end State of; New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Drying Apparatus,- otwhich the following; is at specification This invention relates-to a drying-i spin ratus which is inore-particularly esigned V Figure 1 ise-vertical-longit di-naliseotion SlIOWlHg FHY invention embodied ins-drying apparatuswhich works under a vacuum.-

Figure *2 is a vertical c'ross'section of the same, taken on l-ine 2+2, Figure 1; I

Figure 3Jis amend elevationthereof, Similar Gh2. Y$CtrS7;Ofl reference refer to Although my}, invention is --cap a}ble ofg= use in a drying apparatus w'hiehoperats either under atmospheric pressure or under a vac?- uum; the same; I for example/,1 is shown in the drawings for operation under e;vecuu1n. In this particu-larinstance the apparatus/is constructed as follows: v

The numeral- 10. represents j a; vac umr) chamber which may" be of any suitalile com but as shownin the drawingsthe" seine comprises a cylind-ricztl'wall 11 which has its axis arrangedhorizontally and provided with a vaporfl outletl-Q which is ztd -epted to be connected With-2111;6XllgT-L1Stilig de; vice of any suitable construction; whereby the vapors are withdrawn froin the vzpeuum chamber and e vacuum is produoedthere-in so as toexpedite the drying operation, This wall 11 is provided at'i-ts opposite; ends with may be; detachably secured thereto in any suit-ehle manner, but preferably by n eans of bolts 15 arrengedpntheperipherztlpartSpf these members; The body or wall-11 0i the va'c-" uum cheinher maybe supporter-Lin snap: proved, manner, for exemplmqhy 11183115 {of legs 16 arranged on" the'und-erside thereoi ndedupted tore stf onithe floor 0t ing orother evailable support; Arranged The outer wu ll of Within the vacuumchamber is the drying. drum which s-constru'cted' ln accordance with .lnys improvements; As. there" shown,

this drum comprises ;in ioutrxcylindricel:

well orlshellliwhich lies-its axis mr ranged hor zontally, transverse heads 18, 1-9secured to: o positeende of the outer wull-lfiehd tub'u-lziiv trunnionsei20', 21 arrangedhorizon "talijy, and project-ingoutwardly ,fro'm the outer ends of the heads, 18 and Y 19 and j our iialedin s'ui-teble bearings 22,"23in the heeds 13' ma n of the: vacuum chamber: The body 7 and headsof this drumtogether with the parts mounted thereon vmay: be turned in various"; ways cfromtheexterior of the wheel Qel applied to the outer end of; the

h llow ,trunnionQ; and receiving power frol c-any EtViHlib'lQ- source," w t v. :l to he heated--internellyffor;the"purpose of drying the material which is applied upon thefperiphery thereof ;The liquid which is w-be de ed maybe uppl edw t e P ph y or; the outer-wallet this edru m'in anysuit a "eb ev mle' i 'iinet nses" y; su ppert neqe .s drum is adepted 1 vacuum chamber and in fsueh a -p itiq11:-t1iat lo-w-er side got-the dru wel v upon ro tilting bring theisever'a lparts of} its periphery successively in contact moguls top of th'e liqu d in the ,panf 25 endpic'k in) acontinueus fihni offthis liquid which adheresto tlie w'zigll of the drunn. Alst he d-iuin turn-s this liquid is carried upwardly on one side oruieldrum andthen downwardly on the opposite side thereofcltniingwwhich;tiine the moisture vin t'lie liquidis evztporated 'or driven off by the heat within the drum and the solid content thereof irenmins -dliering V to the peripheryof the outer wall. Before that pz 'irt ofthedruin bearing the dried the te'r'iaL age-in reeches the liquid supplypw or tray. this dried nie teriulisremoved vecuum chirnher any suitdlileinziiin-r;

but ingsj thisis acc'oniplishedhy 21; conveys;

mechanism .whiehf o'mpnses" van. troug'h" 27 which receives.

in thelconstruetion'shown iii the drewc 1 {:3 V

tIie Cli idJinQteritI from the knife 26 and a screw conveyer 28 which moves the material lengthwise through the trough 27 and discharges the same to the ex terior of the machine in a manner wellknown in this type of machine. When, however, the drying is to be accomplished under atmospheric pressure the cylindrical wall 11 of the vacuum chamber may be omitted by means equivalent to the trough or retained for supplying the periphery of the drum wall with liquid and means corresponding to the knife 26 and conveyer 28 are also employed for removing the dried product from the drum and carrying the same away.

My invention which is embodied in the drying drum for the purpose of reducing the steam space therein, increasing the velocity of the steam and the heat transference and thus permit of effecting the drying of the material more economically, efficiently and rapidly may be variously constructed, but the example which is shown in the drawings as one form suitable for accomplishing this purpose is constructed as follows:

At opposite ends the outer wall 17 of the drying drum is provided with inwardly pro- 'ectin annular flan es 29 and 30 which are preferably formed integrally with this wall. Arranged concentrically within the outer wall 17 is an inner cylindrical shell 31 which is secured at its opposite ends to the flanges 29, 30 by means of bolts 32, 33 or by other suitable means. This shell or inner wall is preferably constructed of sheet metal and the same is spaced apart from the outer wall 17 of the drum so as to form an intervening space or heating chamber 34 therebetween. lVithin the inner shell 31 and adjacent to opposite ends thereof are arranged two transverse partitions or diaphragms 35, 36, each of which is preferably constructed of sheet metal and dished inwardly and secured at its outer edge to the adjacent part of the cylindrical shell 31 by means of rivets 37. The front partition 35 is spaced apart from the front head 18 so as to form a communicating chamber or conduit 38 therebetween and that portion of the shell 31 between the partition 35 and the head 18 is provided with an annular row of perforations 39 whereby communication is established through the medium of the chamber 38 between the inlet passage 39 in the hollow front trunnion 20 and the front end of the heating chamber 34. Any suitable heating medium may be conducted through the hollow front trunnion 20 and to the heating chamber 34 for the purpose of drying the material which is deposited upon the periphery of the drum. Steam is generally used for this purpose and this may be supplied to the inlet 60 of the front hollow truunion 20 by means of a supply pipe having a stationary inlet nozzle 40 projecting axially into the outer end of the hollow trunnion 20 and forming a leaktight joint therewith by means of a stuffing box 4:1 interposed between these parts, as shown in Figure 1. 'The steam or other heating medium passes from the delivery nozzle 40 through the passage 39 in the front trunnion 20, thence laterally in all clirections through the communicating chamber 38 and thence through the openings 39 into the heating chamber 3a in which latter the steam or other heating medium is presented to the inner side of the drum wall in the form of a body which is considerably reduced in volume or thickness and confined to the outer wall of the drum instead of 'lilling a considerable part thereof includ ing the center, as has been the custom heretofore. By this means a consid TilblO reduction on the steam space is effected, consequently increasing the velocity of steam and in turn increasing the transference of heat from the steam to the material lying in contact with the outer side of the main wall 17 of the drum and expediting the drying operation.

The water of condensation may be carried away from the heating chamber 34 in various ways, the means for this purpose shown in the drawings being suitable and constructed as follows:

The numeral 42 represents a scoop arranged in the heating chamber 3% close to the inner side wall 17 and on one side of the axis of the rotation of the drum so that during each turn of the latter the scoop 12 picks up the water of condensation lying on the inner side of the lower part of the drum. This water is carried away from the r ar end of the scoop by means of a drain pipe 1-3 which is arranged radially within the clearance chamber 111;} formed between the rear head 19 of the drum and the adjacent partition 36 of the inner shell, the outer end of this radial drain pipe being in communication with the inner side of this scoop and its inner end communicating with the interior of a hollow coupling head 45 which is secured to the inn-er end of the outlet passage 46 formed in the rear trunnion 21 so that this water of condensation is carried from the scoop 42 to this outlet or drain passage 46 during the operation of the machine. This water of condensation is carried to the exterior of the machine by means of a stationary drain pipe having a stationary discharge nozzle 4:? arranged axially within the outer end of the hollow trunnion 21 and provided with a lateral discharge branch 48, a leak tight joint being formed between this discharge a7 and the hollow trunnion 21 means of a stuffing box 49, as shown in Figure 1. Due to this construction the water of condensation is carried away much more rapidly and ble gas discharge pipe 1 non-condensable gases thoroughly than has been possible heretofore and it also decreasesithe thickness of the water film lying against the lower side of the drum and thereby increases the transference of heat to thematerial under treatment and thereby increases the output of the machine and-effects a corresponding reduction in the cost of drying the material.

It is desirable to remove the non-condensable gases from the heating chamber for the purpose of enabling the steam or other heating medium to operate more efliciently and increase the heat transference which ordi-' narily is interfered with by the presence of.

In the preferred form for accomplishing this a non-condensa- 50 is arranged radially within the clearance chamber 44 and extended with its outer end through the adjacent part of the shell 31 so that the outer extremity of this pipe terminates near the inner side of the outer wall 17 at a point which is arranged on that side of theaxis of the drum diametrically opposite to where the scoop 42 is located, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The inner end of this uncondensable gas discharge pipe 50 communicates with the gas discharge chamber 51 formed on the inner part of the cap 45 andfrom this gas chamber the gas is discharged to the exterior of the machine by a stationary gas outlet pipe 52 arranged axially within the water outlet passage 46 and the discharge pipe 47 and fitted loosely at its inner end in an opening 53 formed in the outer side of the chamber 51 while the outer'end of the pipe 52 is mounted on a head 54 which is arranged on the outer part of the water discharge pipe 47 as shown in Figure 1., As the drum turns the cap 45 mounted thereon, it also turns about the inner end of the pipe 52 thereby maintaining communication between the gas exhaust pipe and the delivery pipe 52 without interfering in any way with the relative rotation of these parts. The non-condensable gases are withdrawn from the inner side of the wall 17 while the same is not covered by water, these gases I escape to the passing outwardly through the pipe 50, gas chamber 51 and discharge pipe 52 to the exterior of the machine. The passage of the gas in this manner may connecting the discharge pipe 52 'with an exhausting device of any suitable character such as an ordinary pump, or providing this pipe with a valve and allowing the gas to in pressure. densable gasesthis results in an lIlOIGflSBd. velocity in the steam and it also aids 1n.

be facilitated by atmosphere by the difference. By thus removing the non-conincreasing the heat transference from: the steam to the material under treatment and thereby effects a more rapid drying of the same. 7 As previously stated this improved drying apparatus is capable of being embodied in an apparatus which operates either under atmospheric or vacuum conditions and may be utilized for drying all materials that are ordinarily dried on drum or roll driers.

I claim as my invention:

1. A drying apparatus comprising a ro tary drum having acylindrical outer the shell and secured thereto and spaced apart from said heads, the space between one of said partitions and the adj acent'head forming'a conduit for aheating medium and the adjacent part of the shell between said last mentioned partition and the adjacent head being. provided with perforations for the passage of a heating-medium into said heating chamber.

2. A drying apparatus comprising a rotary drum having a cylindrical wall, inwardly projecting flanges arranged at opposite ends of said wall, heads arranged at opposite ends of thewall, hollow trunnions arranged on saidheads, and formingaheat,

ing medium inlet and a condensation outlet, respectively, an inner shell securedatv its opposite endsto, said flanges forming a heating chamber therebetween, partitions arranged transversely within the shell and secured thereto and spaced apart from said heads, the space between one parti-f, tion and the adjacent head forming a con and means extending from said heating chamber on the opposite side of said axis through said outlet to the exterior of the apparatus for the purpose of carrying away any chamber.

GEORGE J. PEZOLD. I

and spaced apart from the inner side of the wall and ice gas which may be present in the heating 

